F Dabis

..Zidovudine reduces the rate of vertical transmission of HIV in non-breastfed populations. We assessed the acceptability, tolerance, and 6-month efficacy of a short regimen of oral zidovudine in African populations practising breastfeeding...

..The Ghent International Working Group on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV developed public health policy options to integrate these interventions into basic and maternal and child health (MCH) services...

..New findings from these trials are now becoming available, the implications of which, for population-based intervention programmes, need urgent consideration...

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..We aimed to estimate the rate and timing of late postnatal transmission of HIV-1...

..To study mortality in African children born to HIV-1-infected mothers exposed peripartum to zidovudine...

..Ethical issues raised by the design and conduct of clinical research in Africa need a positive thinking to face the HIV African pandemic...

..In Côte d'Ivoire where chemoprophylaxis of opportunistic infections has recently been recommended to be widely initiated on clinical criteria, such thresholds may help to screen patients with higher risks of mortality...

..To assess the performance of weight related nutritional markers (reported involuntary weight loss greater than 10%, measured weight loss and body mass index-BMI-) in predicting HIV disease progression...

..25; 95% CI = 0.94-5.39). Earlier occurrence of menopause seems to be associated with factors already reported in HIV-negative women (IDU, ethnicity) and with HIV-related immunodeficiency...

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..Rate of compliance of HIV-infected patients to follow-up has risen to 11% in 1992-1994 to 60% in 1997-1999 and will contribute to reach this aim...

..To determine the factors associated with clinical progression (AIDS events and death) in antiretroviral-naive patients who have begun highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)...

..CONCLUSIONS: In our study, the aetiology of clinical bone disorders seemed to be multifactorial, as almost all the patients had at least one possible risk factor in addition to HAART exposure...

..As observed in patients not infected with HIV, the "anti-HBc-alone" serological profile could reflect essentially late immunity with undetectable anti-HBs antibodies. However, an occult HBV infection cannot be ruled out...

..To describe the effect and tolerance of lipid-lowering drugs (LLD; fibrates and statins) in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)...

..Follow-up of infected patients using both markers showed different results. The reliability of the HD p24 Ag assay is questionable for clinical and biologic management as a surrogate tool for measurement of HIV-1 RNA levels in Africa...

..In a 12-month follow-up study, we aimed to investigate changes in carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, and its determinants in HIV-1-infected patients...

..To study the determinants of immunological and virological response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in naïve patients, adjusting for time since HIV-1 seroconversion...

..To provide up-to-date and covariate-specific estimates on tobacco smoking prevalence in a representative cohort of French human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 infected patients in 2002...

..To describe the infant feeding practices and attitudes of women who used prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services in rural Zimbabwe...

..The aim of the study was to characterize the causes, trends and determinants of severe morbidity in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients between 2000 and 2004...

..To evaluate the influence of a prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV advocacy and mobilization campaign on awareness and knowledge levels within the community...

..To investigate prevalence of transmitted drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (TDR) and factors associated with TDR and to compare virological and CD4 count response to combination antiretroviral therapy...

..We investigated the clinical relevance of the detection of majority and minority-resistant variants in an observational study in antiretroviral therapy naive, recently infected patients...

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..We examined whether the initial virological and immunological response to highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) is prognostic in patients with HIV-1 who start HAART...

..These findings suggest adjusting antenatal clinic-based HIV sentinel surveillance data for age and fertility in order to derive a good estimate of the community HIV prevalence...

..Our results confirm the high prevalence of HIV in Abidjan and the endemic situation of HBV infection. Furthermore, HCV infection is not infrequent in this developing country setting, not explained by sexual transmission...

..Based on our results, a high baseline HIV-RNA level is associated with isolated immunologic response; moreover, age should be of importance in treatment decision...

..All estimates should be reported with confidence intervals. This standardized methodology that allows direct comparison between studies is now being applied to four randomized clinical trials...

..To describe the causes of death in HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)...

..CONCLUSION: High maternal viral load at inclusion strongly predicts MTCT of HIV in Africa. A short ZDV treatment regimen decreases significantly maternal viral load from its pretreatment level...

..Genotypic and pK parameters should be used to optimize the virological response to LPV/r in PI-experienced patients and to avoid further viral evolution...

..Coinfection with HCV or HBV increased the risk of hepatotoxicity, which lead to the cautious use of nevirapine for such patients...

..The findings support the potential for interruption of certain types of prophylaxis against opportunistic infections under reasonable conditions of duration of antiretroviral therapy and sustained CD4+ cell response...

..7% to 72.2% (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: HAART treatment has reduced the number and percentage of deaths due to AIDS-related causes among persons who died with HIV infection in South-western France...

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..In addition, we studied the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and CIMT...

..Although an increasing number of noninvasive fibrosis markers are available in HCV-monoinfected patients, data on the performance of these tests in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients are lacking...

..The excess risk does not seem to be explained by underlying established cardiovascular risk factors and was not present beyond 6 months after drug cessation...

..Significance of steatosis in HIV-HCV coinfection remains controversial...

..The diffusion of antibiotic treatment algorithms adapted to the principle clinical syndromes encountered, might improve the treatment of adults infected by HIV consulting in sub-Saharian Africa...

..14-1.38; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: CART increases the risk of CCVD, and this increase is comparable with how CART affects the risk of MI. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that atherosclerosis is a side-effect of CART...

..To study mother to child HIV-1 transmission (MTCT) and infant mortality following benzalkonium chloride (BC) disinfection...

..The main risk factors seem to be classical risk factors such as smoking habits, age and dyslipidemia that are partly due themselves to highly active antiretroviral treatments..

..We evaluated changes in risk factors for CVD and the use of lipid-lowering therapy in HIV-infected individuals and assessed the impact of any changes on the incidence of myocardial infarction...