P Brouqui

..This rickettsia also exhibited a serotype distinct from previously described Rickettsia species. The type strain of Rickettsia raoultii sp. nov. is strain Khabarovsk(T) (=CSUR R3(T) =ATCC VR-1596(T))...

..We report on a phase II study based on the triangular test (TT) aiming at assessing the effectiveness of azithromycin in preventing Plasmodium vivax relapses...

..As a greater number of HIV-infected patients survive despite profound immunodepression due to medical progress, we face complex infection with multiple agents in AIDS-patients...

..CMV-induced vasculopathy and thrombosis have been reported, but they are rare conditions usually encountered in immunocompromised patients. However more and more complications of CMV infections are recognized in immunocompetent patients...

..Finally, the mite-transmitted Rickettsia akari, the agent of rickettsialpox, is also known to be prevalent in Europe. We present here an overview of these rickettsioses, focusing on emerging diseases...

..Thus, Q fever may be associated with malaria infection in travelers returning from disease-endemic countries. This diagnosis should be considered when the response to malaria treatment is incomplete...

..Here, the current knowledge concerning the clinical care of patients with HIDs is reviewed, and specific aspects of the management of such diseases are introduced...

..This article will deal with epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of these ectoparasite and the infectious diseases they transmit to the homeless people...

..Pathologic examination of the valve using special staining, such as Warthin-Starry, Gimenez, and PAS, and broad-spectrum PCR should be performed systematically when no etiologic diagnosis is evident through routine laboratory evaluation...

..Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with this antigen is as efficient as with the MRL kit and allows a one-step IFA with other cell-free antigens that is useful when testing sera from patients bitten by ticks...

..Comparison of the 16S rRNA and the gltA gene sequences showed the organism is most closely related to Ehrlichia ruminantium. We propose this new Ehrlichia be named "candidatus Ehrlichia walkerii."..

..mongolotimonae" was identified for the first time in Africa. Rickettsiae of unknown pathogenicity and two new ehrlichiae of the Ehrlichia canis group were identified in ticks from Mali and Niger...

..Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, was identified in 1 specimen of I. ricinus. A new Ehrlichia sp. ("Candidatus Ehrlichia walkerii", sp. nov.) was identified in 10 I. ricinus specimens...

..CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that many cases of acute Q fever are undiagnosed. A greater awareness of the disease and more extensive serologic testing of patients with symptoms compatible with Q fever may improve the situation...

..CONCLUSIONS: Because acute Q fever is often asymptomatic, we recommend that patients infected with the tickborne pathogens mentioned above also undergo routine testing for concurrent infections with C. burnetii...

..B. quintana has been retrieved in erythrocytes in large clusters and in erythroblasts. Direct immunofluorescence of blood smears allows a rapid diagnosis...

..Moreover, a new Rickettsia genotype was detected in one specimen (1.4%). The pathogenic role of this new rickettsia has yet to be demonstrated...

..This is the first reported detection of A. platys in ticks in Africa. This finding raises the question of the possible involvement of R. sanguineus in A. platys infection of dogs...

..The sensitivities of PCR and culture of B. quintana were 98 and 36%, respectively. These procedures may be useful for epidemiologic studies of trench fever and for the recovery of strains for characterization and comparison...

..HF. In addition to A. phagocytophilum, the study detected Ehrlichia sp. HF for the first time in Ixodes ricinus ticks. This organism has only been detected previously in Ixodes ovatus ticks from Japan...

..Initially the patient was thought to have typhoid fever. Because body lice are prevalent in industrialized regions, the introduction of typhus to pediculosis-endemic areas poses a serious public health risk...

..Q fever endocarditis, caused by Coxiella burnetii, is fatal in 25% to 60% of patients. Currently, treatment with a long-term tetracycline and quinolone regimen for at least 4 years is recommended, although relapses are frequent...

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..This bacterium, at first misidentified by phenotypic tests as Shewanella putrefaciens, was subsequently identified correctly as S. algae by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis...

..In this review, we will present human and animal ehrlichioses and anaplasmoses as emerging diseases and present candidate(s) for the future...

..A better education of the Comorian population in Marseilles, regarding malaria risks and prophylaxis, needs to be implemented...

..Patients with serious and contagious illnesses should be hospitalised. Physicians should be aware of these specific issues to enhance care...

..These guidelines aim to help clinicians and microbiologists in diagnosing infection transmitted by tick bites and to provide the scientific and medical community with a better understanding of these infectious diseases...

..Nonencapsulated larvae of Trichinella pseudospiralis were detected in meat and muscle biopsy specimens. The diagnoses were confirmed by molecular typing. Surveillance for the emerging T. pseudospiralis should be expanded...

..Infection was subsequently detected in nine out of the thirteen females (69.2%). These results suggest that Rh. turanicus ticks are potential vectors and reservoirs for R. massiliae Bar29...

..Immunofluorescence and/or Western blot analysis detected antibodies in 50% of tested patients. Three Dermacentor ticks obtained from patients revealed R. slovaca by PCR...

..CONCLUSIONS: Although we have identified here various causes of imported fever, 8.2% of the fevers remained unexplained. An improved approach to diagnosis may allow for the discovery of new diseases in travelers in the future...

..falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene. This study represents a unique opportunity to improve surveillance of P. falciparum drug resistance in Comoros with consequences for treatment and chemoprophylaxis guidelines...

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..Surgical reconstruction could not be carried out before the patient's return to Senegal. The pitfalls of diagnosis and treatment of actinomycosis are discussed...

..quintana seropositivity and CHD. Antibodies to both C. pneumoniae and B. quintana were found in nine subjects (seven cases and two controls), suggesting co-infection rather than cross-reactivity...

..The uncontrolled louse infestation of this population should alert the community to the possibility of severe re-emerging louse-borne infections...

..We detected an outbreak of Q fever in a homeless shelter in Marseilles. Investigations showed that the main factors exposing persons to Coxiella burnetii were an abandoned slaughterhouse, used for an annual Muslim sheep feast, and wind...

..In 1999, a French consensus development conference published guidelines for the prevention and treatment of imported P. falciparum malaria. The impact of these guidelines has not been evaluated...

..003). This study demonstrates the efficiency of the combination of doxycycline and gentamicin in eradicating B. quintana bacteremia...

..Homeless people commonly present with ectoparasite-based pruritus. We evaluated the efficacy of a single dose of ivermectin to reduce the pruritus prevalence in a homeless population...

..R. helvetica should be suspected in patients with unexplained fever, especially following a bite from an Ixodes sp. tick...

..8, 95% CI [1.1-2.8]) related to mainly mild gastrointestinal adverse drug events. The poor tolerability of mefloquine sets a question mark against its use in outpatients...

..We identified the etiologic agent for 65% of 86 patients with TIBOLA/DEBONEL as either Rickettsia slovaca (49/86, 57%) or R. raoultii (7/86, 8%)...

..Systematic vaccination against hepatitis B virus, hepatitis A virus, influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and diphtheria is strongly recommended. National public health programs specific to homeless populations are required...

..Therefore, a strict survey of louse-borne diseases and the implementation of efficient delousing strategies in these populations should be public health priorities...

..Treatment requires anti-schistomal medication in addition to surgery. Physicians, including surgeons, need to be aware of the possibility of seeing atypical presentations of parasitic diseases in immigrant patients...

..8%. The disparity of prevalence rates among areas examined suggests that 'E. walkeri' is not widespread in ticks and requires an animal host for its maintenance in nature...

..The expression of rOmpB did not change with temperature or the stages of the tick life cycle. In contrast, rOmpA was less expressed during the larval stage...

..However, such infection was not associated with evidence of haemolysis. Colonisation of erythrocytes could allow efficient transmission of B quintana by body lice...

..We report the first identification of A. phagocytophilum 16S RNA gene sequence in a case of TBF in France. This indicates that the diagnosis of tick-borne fever should be also evoked in cattle exposed to Ixodes ticks in France...

..High viral loads in patients returning from Indian Ocean islands to countries where Ae. albopictus is prevalent may be a source of epidemics...

..To assess the awareness of the mode of rabies transmission, travel-associated rabies risk, and adequate preventive measures among French travelers...

..The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of a shelter-based survey to identify respiratory diseases in the homeless population in Marseilles, in order to further develop preventive interventions...

..As CHIKV could spread throughout the world, all physicians should be prepared to encounter this arboviral infection...

..The overproduction of IL-10 and attenuated inflammatory response may account for the persistence of B. quintana in homeless people...

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..quot; Lymphangitis-associated rickettsiosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tick-borne rickettsioses in Europe, Africa, and Asia...

..An overall low rate of vaccination was observed. The proportions of travelers without correct vaccination were 67% for influenza, 70% for tetanus, 75% for diphteria and poliomyelitis, and 87% for pertussis and hepatitis A...

..This microbe was identified as the newly recognized species Veillonella montpellierensis (100% homology) by 16S RNA gene sequence analysis...

..9% to 18.5%. Although this effect was not sustained at day 45, it establishes that ivermectin plays a novel role in the control of body-louse infestation in humans...

..001). Although further studies are needed, these results define the relevance of hypertriglyceridemia as an indicator of the severity of falciparum malaria...

..The majority of published studies on Hajj-related diseases were based on hospitalized patient cohorts...

..These results should be considered in the practice of travel medicine and development of health recommendations for European travelers...

..Paradoxal reaction appeared to be frequent despite specific antibiotherapy and underlines the beneficial effects of addictive corticosteroids...

..Most injuries were associated with indigenous dogs; rabies vaccine was overprescribed. We suggest that the World Health Organization guidelines be adapted for countries free of terrestrial mammal rabies...

..Serological testing should be performed in cases of meningoencephalitis, lymphocytic meningitis, and peripheral neuropathy, including Guillain-Barré syndrome and myelitis...

..Moreover, MSF has become more severe than RMSF; the mortality rate was as high as 32% in Portugal in 1997. Whether Rhipicephalus sanguineus is the only vector and reservoir for R. conorii conorii is a question not yet answered...

..Picture archiving and communication systems should be used. Post-mortem examination should be avoided; biopsy or blood collection is preferred...

..Leptospira fainei was identified by sequencing the 16S rDNA gene, which had been amplified by polymerase chain reaction. This case confirms the role of L. fainei as a human pathogen and extends its distribution to southern Europe...

..In France, there was a reluctance to accept vaccination against the A/H1N1 pandemic influenza virus despite government recommendation and investment in the vaccine programme...

..Little data exist about the spatial distribution of the risk for travelers of being injured by a potentially rabid animal...

..henselae is the first human-infecting Bartonella identified from Ixodes ricinus, a common European tick and the vector of various tickborne pathogens. The role of ticks in the transmission of bartonellosis should be further investigated...

..Educational programmes and rotation policies have not been evaluated sufficiently in the literature. Combination antimicrobial therapy is inefficient in controlling antimicrobial resistance...

..The harmful effect of R. conorii on Rh. sanguineus group ticks from Thailand is discussed including the role of the geographic origin of the ticks and the difficulties to identify ticks within this group to the species level...

..Inoculation of liver pus onto eukaryotic cells by the centrifugation-shell vial technique yielded Brucella melitensis, identified by 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing...

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..This suggests that a new Anaplasma species closely related to A. phagocytophilum occurs in Africa...

..HGA should be suspected in tick-bitten patients or those who have visited an endemic area and show symptoms of flu-like fever, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia...

..The topology of the groEL- and gltA-based phylogenetic tree was similar to that derived from 16S rRNA gene analyses with distances. Both groESL- and gltA-based PCRs specific to A. platys were also developed based upon the alignment data...

..Three different serotypes were identified. These features may lead to the development of other specific MAbs in order to provide tools for antigenic characterization of human isolates of A. phagocytophilum...

..conorii, R. felis and/or R. typhi. Two others negative serology were: one precocious serum and second from the patient, which presented symptoms of MSF and tested two serums, Western blot and cross-adsorption...

..Among these, 30 dogs were single-positive: 25 for E. canis, 2 for A. platys, 1 for M. hemocanis, and 2 for "C. M. haemoparvum." The rest of the dogs (48.7%) were positive for two or more pathogens...