Angelo Tremblay

..Calcium/dairy supplementation promotes fecal fat loss and fat oxidation. Calcium/dairy supplementation favors a decrease in energy intake and a facilitation of appetite control in obese individuals during weight loss...

..Taken together, these observations suggest that weight loss is more than ever a search for compromise between its metabolic benefits and its allostatic effects promoting body weight regain...

..In summary, the Quebec experience reveals that childhood obesity is a complex problem that partly results from unsuspected environmental factors that deserve creative solutions to at least partly compensate for their effect...

..The impact of physical exercise on macronutrient preferences was examined with a perspective to improve preventive and therapeutic strategies of obesity...

..In conclusion, these results show that adaptive reduction in thermogenesis may contribute to the occurrence of resistance to lose fat in obese men subjected to a weight-reducing programme...

..Further research will, however, be necessary to characterize the lifestyle factors promoting fat accumulation, over time, among genetically susceptible individuals...

..Furthermore, they also suggest that body fat gain is not only a problem, but also a solution in maintaining body homeostasis, i.e., a state of optimal body functionality, in the context of modernity and globalization...

..To verify whether a physical activity-low-fat diet follow-up could normalize the metabolic risk profile of reduced-obese men and women having undergone considerable weight loss through energy restriction and drug therapy...

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..Under free-living conditions, the combination of vigorous activity and healthy food practices can amount to a substantial weight loss which is comparable with that of other non-surgical approaches to treat obesity...

..This is problematic for obesity prevention in the future since knowledge-based work now represents the main working modality in a context of modernity...

..Thus, the aim of this study was to study the impact of TPM on food preferences, measures of satiety, food intake, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and 24-h energy expenditure...

..Overall, the intake of low-fat dairy products is a feature of a healthy dietary pattern which has been shown to contribute to a significant extent to the prevention of IRS...

..In this context, visceral obesity treatment should focus on stress management and weight loss strategies in order to stop this vicious circle...

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..To investigate the relationships between fitness and components of the metabolic syndrome in sedentary men...

..Poor long-term success observed with current weight-control strategies stresses the relevance to explore new weight management approaches...

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..The aim of this study was to further evaluate the validity and clinical meaningfulness of appetite sensations to predict overall energy intake as well as body weight loss...

..It has been suggested that overweight and obese individuals with an adequate level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), the so-called fat and fit, are at reduced risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus...

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..Individuals with high visceral adipose tissue levels have higher blood pressure, independent of their fitness. Visceral adipose tissue may represent an important clinical target in the management of elevated blood pressure...

..020) and strategic (r=-0.28, p=0.049) restraint behaviors. This study highlights a gender-dependent relationship between ACR, hence the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and eating behaviors and psychological profiles...

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..However, lower body weight and fat were more detectable in male than in female vitamin and/or dietary supplements consumers...

..Both excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels are associated with a deteriorated cardiometabolic risk profile...

..Our results suggest a possible role of insulin resistance in the modulation of the postprandial inflammatory response, which could, in turn, contribute to worsen the state of insulin resistance...

..These finding suggest that weight status in men influences cortisol reactivity to a psychological stress and the different responses seen among genders could be linked to the different fat distributions that characterize men and women...

..6-mm decrease in fullness per kg fat loss. This quantified relationship could serve as a reference point to evaluate the satiating efficiency of functional foods when they are combined with a weight-reducing program...

..61450 C>A (p=0.038) and 4.9kg (vs 2.5kg in non-carriers) in C-allele carriers of c. 8473 A>C (p=0.013). The results suggest a role for the GAD2 gene in determining food intake, eating behaviors and weight gain over time in women...

..We propose that this change in lipid intake could be influenced by a calcium-specific appetite control...

..Little is known about the genes influencing dietary energy and nutrient intakes, despite evidence that these intakes are influenced by genetic factors...

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..Although most of the lifestyle factors and health measures examined are similar across groups and genders, some differences call for the development of health-promotion programs with specific targeting strategies...

..We examined the obesity phenotype most strongly associated with increased plasma concentrations of sTNFR2, and compared which of the two markers, TNF-alpha or sTNFR2, better predicts indices of plasma glucose-insulin homeostasis...

..They also indicate that the four factors, which have the best predictive potential of variations in BMI, be it in a cross-sectional or a longitudinal analytical design, do not have a "caloric value" per se...

..05). Individuals with a higher waist circumference have elevated exercise systolic blood pressure, regardless of their insulin sensitivity or level of cardiorespiratory fitness...

..Adequate calcium intake can have a favorable effect on some metabolic variables...

..However, the study did not show a between-group difference in the change in ghrelin concentration in response to the intervention. These results show that milk supplementation attenuates the orexigenic effect of body weight loss...

..To investigate the relationship between sleep duration and subsequent body weight and fat gain...

..To further document the impact of knowledge-based work (KBW) on spontaneous energy intake and glucose homeostasis...

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..Second generation antipsychotics (SGA) induce substantial weight gain but the mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon remain speculative...

..Organochlorine concentrations, however, were correlated with age (BMI-adjusted R(2)=0.46; p<0.001). At steady state body weight, toxic pollutant concentrations are not associated to obesity but strongly correlate with age...

..Thus, assessment of appetite sensation such as fullness in response to a fixed load may be useful to evaluate individual overall energy intake...

..This study examined the relationships of two inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-alpha, to visceral adiposity and indices of plasma glucose-insulin homeostasis...

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..To explore cross-sectional associations between short sleep duration and variations in body fat indices and leptin levels during adulthood in a sample of men and women involved in the Québec Family Study...

..Taken together, these data emphasize the relevance of caution and reasonable objectives when prescribing a weight reduction program to obese individuals...

..It thus suggests that other factors beside negative affect can contribute to eating and psychological impairment among overweight/obese women...

..To assess the effects of a "Health-At-Every-Size" (HAES) intervention on eating behaviors and appetite ratings in 144 premenopausal overweight women...

..0001). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that despite their large accumulation of adipose tissue, most of the severely obese women had a metabolic profile less deteriorated than expected, when compared to moderately obese women...

..Future research will have to determine if: 1) this pollutant concentration remains elevated over time and 2) there are long-term effects of this high concentration on health...

..There are concerns that fat-free mass decrease could have some negative functional consequences. The aim of this study was to examine how weight loss affects strength and force control in obese and morbidly obese men...

..Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine cross-sectional associations between short sleep duration and variations in body fat indices in older women...

..Furthermore, adiponectin predicts glucose tolerance and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in a manner that is partly independent from the contribution of visceral adiposity...

..CONCLUSIONS: These results show that changes in the consumption of some specific food groups are associated with body-weight changes. Such specific eating patterns could help to improve obesity treatment and prevention...

..This variation has been attributed to psychological and behavioral factors, although biological differences may also play a role...

..In the absence of regular physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly predicted by the potential for aerobic metabolism of skeletal muscle and negatively correlated with abdominal fat deposition...

..The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a 16-week walking program on eating behaviors and QoL between late premenopausal and early postmenopausal obese and sedentary women, once chronological aging is taken into account...

..However, prospective studies with a larger sample are needed to confirm and deepen these results...

..To examine the long-term relationship between sleep duration and type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)...

..To clarify the relationship between the amount of mid-thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and glucose tolerance in men and women...

..The main finding of the study was the increase in 24 h energy expenditure with the EGCG-caffeine mixtures. However, this increase was similar with all doses of EGCG in the mixtures...

..Further studies are needed to verify whether these findings are causally related...

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..This study examined the effect of this mutation on lipoprotein levels in viscerally obese hyperinsulinemic condition...

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..In conclusion, small HDL particle size appears to represent another feature of the high TG- low HDL cholesterol dyslipidemia found in viscerally obese subjects characterized by hyperinsulinemia...

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..The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between sleep duration and type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)...

..In conclusion, organochlorines released in plasma during weight loss are associated with the documented decrease in serum T(3) concentration and RMR. Further studies are needed to verify whether these findings are causally related...

..These notions lend support for weight-loss strategies favouring a moderate weight loss, which would reduce risks for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and hypertension, without resulting in a substantial release of organochlorines...

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..Most studies that involved nonobese subjects showed enhanced insulin sensitivity whereas studies involving obese subjects with type 2 diabetes are inconsistent because of concomitant fat loss...

..33 < r < 0.33, NS). These results suggest that the weight loss-induced increase in plasma pollutant levels is likely to be associated with reduced skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism in men but not in women...

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..This also raises the possibility that KBW adds a new component to sedentariness that might further accentuate the positive energy balance that is more likely to occur when one is inactive...

..These observations support the idea that the body weight set point may fluctuate according to the actual impact of factors influencing fat balance...

..Study design. Cross-sectional study...

..To evaluate the association between median episiotomy and severe (third- and fourth-degree) perineal lacerations in primiparous women...

..This observation suggests that there is a strong effect of age-related factors on fat balance...

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..EM-652 was also the most potent inhibitor of the percentage of cycling cancer cells. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)..

..Our results demonstrate that while ER beta shares many of the functional characteristics of ER alpha, the molecular mechanisms regulating the transcriptional activity of mER beta may be distinct from those of ER alpha...

..Diabetes & Metabolism 2007;33:261-8), and validated in sedentary, non-diabetic, overweight and obese postmenopausal women. The aim of the present study was to validate the index in men...

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..Presumably, muscular strength is an important factor for balance control. This study investigated the effect that a change in body mass has on relative strength and balance control...

..The above-summarized preclinical and clinical data clearly suggest the interest of studying this compounds in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings and, most importantly, for the prevention of breast and uterine cancer...

..However, the present study was a short-term intervention and additional trials are clearly needed to document the long-term efficacy of this dietary approach with regard to compliance and effects on the metabolic risk profile...