Michel Cabanac

..This new diagram is used to describe the stability of body weight. The ponderostat is hypothesized to work as a regulation of blood glucocorticoids with a hypothalamic set-point related to CRH concentration...

..We also propose that consciousness is characterized by a common mental pathway that uses pleasure, or its counterpart displeasure, as a means to optimize behavior...

..To determine how an individual optimizes muscular work...

..All groups maximized pleasure equally in their decisions.These results support that decisions are made predominantly in the hedonic dimension of consciousness...

..Smokers usually gain weight when they quit smoking. The present work explores the hypothesis according to which such a rise is a behavioral response to a raised body weight set point taking place when nicotine is eliminated from the body...

..This study explores the role of pleasure in decision making...

..When simply touched by an experimenter, the birds' mean heart rate rose from 198 +/- 6 to 249 +/- 15 beats/min. We conclude that fever and tachycardia might indicate the existence of emotion in birds...

..When handled, the body weight set point declined from 388 +/- 44 g to 366 +/- 47 g (p = 0.048, t = 2,39). The decline in the set point induced by gentle handling is believed to result from an elevation of the hypothalamic CRH...

..Mean food intake during the hoarding sessions was also unchanged. These results suggest that intracerebral NPY at 4 micrograms did not acutely alter the set-point for body weight regulation...

..This result confirms the existence of behavioral fever, but does not support the hypothesis of fever in fish after handling...

..Altogether, these results may indicate that the first elements of mental experience emerged between amphibians and reptiles...

..This indicates that the body weight set point was not mainly modulated by fat depots. The transient lowering of the set point is thought to be due to surgical stress...

..On the other hand, intraperitoneal salicylate (300 mg x kg(-1)) largely prevented the fever response caused by gentle handling. It was concluded that the afferent message in the vagus is not necessary for emotional fever...

..This minireview examines the available arguments and data and concludes that to abandon the concepts of set point, fever, and anapyrexia is premature, at best...

..The authors investigated body weight, satiation, and gustative pleasure of obese patients 2 years after a bariatric operation: the biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (DS)...

..Taken together, these results indicate that salicylates affect energy balance and might be a good inhibitor of body weight gain in rats...

..No histological difference was seen after the various diets. Such results indicate that intestinal absorption is working at full efficiency whatever the diet, and is not a regulatory response contributing to the ponderostat...

..We report results on the effect of slow weight loss on negative alliesthesia in ten obese female participants enrolled in a commercial diet program based on Canada's Food Guide (Mincavi)...

..Active weight-losers show a stronger desire for high-caloric intake, probably because of a behavioral mechanism that seeks to maintain their original body weight set-point...

..2+/-2.6 g (p< or =0.05). These results suggest that the administration of low-dose nicotine lowers the body-weight set-point and may be important in predicting the anticipated gain in weight frequently reported upon withdrawal...

..In this experiment, low-calcium intake failed to cause obesity and did not raise the body weight set-point. The results indicate that calcium intake probably does not affect body weight...

..Stressed mice had a lower expression of CRF in the CeA than control mice. In conclusion, chronic stress reduces body fat content in obesity-prone as well as in obesity-resistant mice...

..It is a test that is well known by physiologists but has never been used clinically. It is based on the observation that repeated pleasant gustatory stimuli turn into unpleasantness in the process of satiation...

..Results showed no significant differences between these two approaches, suggesting that the weight of hoarded food is a good indicator of the number of trips from home to food in the hoarding experiment...

..The total heat to be lost is therefore approximately 65 W during a mild hyperthermia (+1 degrees C) if brain temperature is to remain constant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)..