Gert Pfurtscheller

Summary

Affiliation: Graz University of Technology
Country: Austria

Publications

  1. ncbi The cortical activation model (CAM)
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interface BCI Lab, Institute of Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Prog Brain Res 159:19-27. 2006
  2. ncbi Motor imagery and EEG-based control of spelling devices and neuroprostheses
    Christa Neuper
    Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2 III, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Prog Brain Res 159:393-409. 2006
  3. ncbi Does conscious intention to perform a motor act depend on slow prefrontal (de)oxyhemoglobin oscillations in the resting brain?
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 508:89-94. 2012
  4. ncbi Early onset of post-movement beta electroencephalogram synchronization in the supplementary motor area during self-paced finger movement in man
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010, Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 339:111-4. 2003
  5. ncbi 'Thought'--control of functional electrical stimulation to restore hand grasp in a patient with tetraplegia
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 351:33-6. 2003
  6. ncbi Graz-BCI: state of the art and clinical applications
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 11:177-80. 2003
  7. ncbi Spatiotemporal patterns of beta desynchronization and gamma synchronization in corticographic data during self-paced movement
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 114:1226-36. 2003
  8. ncbi Walking from thought
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Brain Res 1071:145-52. 2006
  9. ncbi Mu rhythm (de)synchronization and EEG single-trial classification of different motor imagery tasks
    G Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neuroimage 31:153-9. 2006
  10. ncbi Centrally controlled heart rate changes during mental practice in immersive virtual environment: a case study with a tetraplegic
    G Pfurtscheller
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Int J Psychophysiol 68:1-5. 2008

Detail Information

Publications112 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi The cortical activation model (CAM)
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interface BCI Lab, Institute of Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Prog Brain Res 159:19-27. 2006
    ..Depending on the baseline level of cortical activation (CA) and the location of the "working point" (WP), a sudden change of activation can induce either ERD or ERS in a given area...
  2. ncbi Motor imagery and EEG-based control of spelling devices and neuroprostheses
    Christa Neuper
    Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2 III, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Prog Brain Res 159:393-409. 2006
    ..The major frequency bands of cortical oscillations considered here are the 8-13 and 15-30 Hz bands. This chapter describes the basic methods used in Graz-BCI research and outlines possible clinical applications...
  3. ncbi Does conscious intention to perform a motor act depend on slow prefrontal (de)oxyhemoglobin oscillations in the resting brain?
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 508:89-94. 2012
    ....
  4. ncbi Early onset of post-movement beta electroencephalogram synchronization in the supplementary motor area during self-paced finger movement in man
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010, Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 339:111-4. 2003
    ..This assumed resetting or inhibitory process within the SMA precedes that of the networks within the primary motor hand area...
  5. ncbi 'Thought'--control of functional electrical stimulation to restore hand grasp in a patient with tetraplegia
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 351:33-6. 2003
    ..These beta bursts were analyzed and classified by a brain-computer interface (BCI) and the output signal used to control a FES device. The patient was able to grasp a cylinder with the paralyzed hand...
  6. ncbi Graz-BCI: state of the art and clinical applications
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 11:177-80. 2003
    ..Additionally, it is demonstrated how information transfer rates of 17 b/min can be acquired by real time classification of oscillatory activity...
  7. ncbi Spatiotemporal patterns of beta desynchronization and gamma synchronization in corticographic data during self-paced movement
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 114:1226-36. 2003
    ..To study the spatiotemporal pattern of event-related desynchronization (ERD) and event-related synchronization (ERS) in electrocorticographic (ECoG) data with closely spaced electrodes...
  8. ncbi Walking from thought
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Brain Res 1071:145-52. 2006
    ..135-142) where participants were able to move through a virtual street by foot imagery only. Prior to the final experiments in the Cave, the participants underwent an extensive BCI training...
  9. ncbi Mu rhythm (de)synchronization and EEG single-trial classification of different motor imagery tasks
    G Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neuroimage 31:153-9. 2006
    ..This implies that such EEG phenomena may be utilized in a multi-class brain-computer interface (BCI) operated simply by motor imagery...
  10. ncbi Centrally controlled heart rate changes during mental practice in immersive virtual environment: a case study with a tetraplegic
    G Pfurtscheller
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Int J Psychophysiol 68:1-5. 2008
    ..This provides evidence that mental practice of motor performance is accompanied not only by activation of cortical structures but also by central commands into the cardiovascular system with its nuclei in the brain stem...
  11. ncbi Cardiac responses induced during thought-based control of a virtual environment
    G Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Int J Psychophysiol 62:134-40. 2006
    ..The heart rate acceleration in the VE is interpreted as effect of an increased mental effort to walk as far as possible in VE...
  12. ncbi Phasic heart rate changes during word translation of different difficulties
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    BCI Lab, Institute of Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Psychophysiology 44:807-13. 2007
    ..These results provide first evidence of a link between task difficulty in language translation and event-related HR changes...
  13. ncbi 15 years of BCI research at Graz University of Technology: current projects
    G Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 14:205-10. 2006
    ..Recent projects deal with the development of asynchronous BCIs, the presentation of feedback and applications for communication and control...
  14. ncbi Future prospects of ERD/ERS in the context of brain-computer interface (BCI) developments
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces BCI Lab, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37 A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Prog Brain Res 159:433-7. 2006
    ....
  15. ncbi Relationship between slow-wave EEG bursts and heart rate changes in preterm infants
    Klaus Pfurtscheller
    Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 385:126-30. 2005
    ..9, range: 0.6-3.5 beats/min) lasting approximately 5s (mean, range: 3.6-7.1s). The aim of the study is to give evidence of a coherent behaviour of EEG bursts and HR in the developing nervous system of preterm infants...
  16. ncbi Short-lived brain state after cued motor imagery in naive subjects
    G Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Eur J Neurosci 28:1419-26. 2008
    ....
  17. ncbi About the stability of phase shifts between slow oscillations around 0.1 Hz in cardiovascular and cerebral systems
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 58:2064-71. 2011
    ..Slow BP-coupled oscillations in prefrontal oxyhemoglobin changes can seriously impair the detection of mentally induced hemodynamic changes in an optical brain-computer interface, a novel nonmuscular communication system...
  18. ncbi Cardiovascular responses after brisk finger movement and their dependency on the "eigenfrequency" of the baroreflex loop
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 490:31-5. 2011
    ..05) and EF. This can be interpreted in such a way that subjects with a "high" EF (> 0.10 Hz) elicit larger BP responses as well as larger RRI responses when compared to subjects with a "low" EF (< 0.10 Hz)...
  19. ncbi Focal frontal (de)oxyhemoglobin responses during simple arithmetic
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Int J Psychophysiol 76:186-92. 2010
    ..These observations were discussed within the context of "focal activation/surround deactivation"...
  20. ncbi Beta rebound after different types of motor imagery in man
    G Pfurtscheller
    Institute for Human Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 378:156-9. 2005
    ..The midcentrally located beta rebound is interpreted as an electrophysiological correlate of a simultaneous "resetting" of overlapping neural networks in the foot representation areas and the SMA...
  21. ncbi Self-paced operation of an SSVEP-Based orthosis with and without an imagery-based "brain switch:" a feasibility study towards a hybrid BCI
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 18:409-14. 2010
    ..46+/-1.18 versus 5.40 +/- 0.90). Four out of the six subjects succeeded in operating the self-paced hybrid BCI with a good performance (positive prediction value PPVb > 0.70)...
  22. ncbi Does conscious intention to perform a motor act depend on slow cardiovascular rhythms?
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 468:46-50. 2010
    ..Our study reveals the first time that self-paced movements, at least in some subjects, do not stem from "free will" based on brain activity alone, but are influenced by slow blood pressure oscillations...
  23. ncbi Could the beta rebound in the EEG be suitable to realize a "brain switch"?
    G Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Styria, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 120:24-9. 2009
    ..Such a brain switch is a specifically designed brain-computer interface (BCI) with the aim to detect only one predefined brain state (e.g. EEG pattern) in ongoing brain activity...
  24. ncbi Motor imagery and action observation: modulation of sensorimotor brain rhythms during mental control of a brain-computer interface
    Christa Neuper
    Department of Psychology, Section of Neuropsychology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 2 III, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 120:239-47. 2009
    ..This study investigates the impact of a continuously presented visual feedback in the form of a grasping hand on the modulation of sensorimotor EEG rhythms during online control of a brain-computer interface (BCI)...
  25. ncbi Non-invasive control of neuroprostheses for the upper extremity: temporal coding of brain patterns
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2009:3353-6. 2009
    ..This work gives an overview of the Graz BCI used for the control of grasp neuroprostheses as well as a new control method for combining grasp and elbow function is introduced...
  26. ncbi Toward a direct brain interface based on human subdural recordings and wavelet-packet analysis
    Bernhard Graimann
    Institute of Human Computer Interfaces, University of Technology Graz, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 51:954-62. 2004
    ....
  27. ncbi Phase relationships between different subdural electrode recordings in man
    Clemens Brunner
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Inffeldgasse 16a, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 375:69-74. 2005
    ..Special emphasis is put on the beta band (around 20 Hz) as well as the gamma band (high frequencies up to 95 Hz), which can only be used when subdural electrode recordings are available...
  28. ncbi Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based communication: impact of harmonic frequency components
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a II, 8010 Graz, Austria
    J Neural Eng 2:123-30. 2005
    ..During feedback experiments, the five subjects investigated reached a classification accuracy between 42.5% and 94.4%...
  29. ncbi EEG-based neuroprosthesis control: a step towards clinical practice
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 382:169-74. 2005
    ..The fact that the user learned to control the BCI in a comparatively short time indicates that this method may also be an alternative approach for clinical purposes...
  30. ncbi Online control of a brain-computer interface using phase synchronization
    Clemens Brunner
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, BCI Lab, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 53:2501-6. 2006
    ..7% (33% would be expected by chance) throughout the whole session...
  31. ncbi Brain-computer interfaces for control of neuroprostheses: from synchronous to asynchronous mode of operation
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 51:57-63. 2006
    ..The future potential of BCI methods for various control purposes, especially for functional rehabilitation of tetraplegics using neuroprosthetics, is outlined...
  32. ncbi Control of an electrical prosthesis with an SSVEP-based BCI
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 55:361-4. 2008
    ..It can be stated that the SSVEP-based BCI, operating in an asynchronous mode, is feasible for the control of neuroprosthetic devices with the flickering lights mounted on its surface...
  33. ncbi Development, set-up and first results for a one-channel near-infrared spectroscopy system
    Gunther Bauernfeind
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 53:36-43. 2008
    ....
  34. ncbi Toward self-paced brain-computer communication: navigation through virtual worlds
    Reinhold Scherer
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 55:675-82. 2008
    ..Eye movements (electrooculogram) and electromyographic artifacts were reduced and detected online. The results of three able-bodied subjects are reported and problems emerging from self-paced control are discussed...
  35. ncbi Correlation between EEG burst-to-burst intervals and HR acceleration in preterm infants
    Klaus Pfurtscheller
    Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 437:103-6. 2008
    ..9+/-0.8 bpm. A significant negative correlation of r=0.453 (p<0.01) was found between BBI and HR increase and a positive correlation between CA and HRV (r=0.438, p<0.01) and between CA and HRI (r=0.452, p<0.01)...
  36. ncbi Improved signal processing approaches in an offline simulation of a hybrid brain-computer interface
    Clemens Brunner
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, BCI Lab, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    J Neurosci Methods 188:165-73. 2010
    ..Moreover, the number of illiterates could be reduced with the hybrid condition. Results are also discussed in terms of dual task interference and relevance to protocol design in hybrid BCIs...
  37. ncbi Steady-state somatosensory evoked potentials: suitable brain signals for brain-computer interfaces?
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 14:30-7. 2006
    ..Two of them learned to modify the patterns in order to set up a BCI with an accuracy of between 70% and 80%. Results presented in this work give evidence that it is possible to set up a BCI which is based on SSSEPs...
  38. ncbi Comparison of DFT and lock-in amplifier features and search for optimal electrode positions in SSVEP-based BCI
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria
    J Neurosci Methods 168:174-81. 2008
    ..Furthermore, information about subject's specific 'resonance-like' frequency regions can be obtained by observing higher harmonics of the SSVEPs...
  39. ncbi Imagery of motor actions: differential effects of kinesthetic and visual-motor mode of imagery in single-trial EEG
    Christa Neuper
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 25:668-77. 2005
    ..Consequently, to improve motor-imagery-based BCI control, user training should emphasize kinesthetic experiences instead of visual representations of actions...
  40. ncbi An asynchronously controlled EEG-based virtual keyboard: improvement of the spelling rate
    Reinhold Scherer
    Institute of Human Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 51:979-84. 2004
    ..Of the first results of three able-bodied subjects operating the VK, two were successful, showing an improvement of the spelling rate sigma, the number of correctly spelled letters/min, up to sigma = 3.38 (average sigma = 1.99)...
  41. ncbi EEG-based discrimination between imagination of right and left hand movement
    G Pfurtscheller
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 103:642-51. 1997
    ..The ERD/ERS patterns over all sessions displayed a relatively small intra-subject variability with slight differences between sessions with and without feedback...
  42. ncbi Semantic memory retrieval: cortical couplings in object recognition in the N400 window
    Gernot G Supp
    Institute of Human Computer Interfaces, University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Eur J Neurosci 21:1139-43. 2005
    ..Successful memory retrieval of picture meaning appears to be supported by networks comprising left temporal and parietal regions and bilateral frontal brain areas...
  43. ncbi Flexibility and practicality graz brain-computer interface approach
    Reinhold Scherer
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Int Rev Neurobiol 86:119-31. 2009
    ..The applications include the control of neuroprostheses and spelling devices, the interaction with Virtual Reality, and the operation of off-the-shelf software such as Google Earth...
  44. ncbi Brain motor system function in a patient with complete spinal cord injury following extensive brain-computer interface training
    Christian Enzinger
    Department of Neurology, Medical University, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036, Graz, Austria
    Exp Brain Res 190:215-23. 2008
    ..We interpret our findings as evidence that BCI training as a conduit of motor imagery training may assist in maintaining access to SMC in largely preserved somatopy despite complete deafferentation...
  45. ncbi Investigation of cue-based vertical and horizontal eye movements with electroencephalographic and eye-tracking data
    Vera Kaiser
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 120:1988-93. 2009
    ..This study investigates the influence of eye movement direction on patterns of brain activation...
  46. ncbi Synchronous occurrence of EEG bursts and heart rate acceleration in preterm infants
    Klaus Pfurtscheller
    Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036 Graz, Austria
    Brain Dev 27:558-63. 2005
    ..In this study, this synchronous behaviour of EEG bursts and HR is described for the first time in a group of preterm infants with a mean conceptional age (CA) of 36 weeks...
  47. ncbi Brain-computer communication: motivation, aim, and impact of exploring a virtual apartment
    Robert Leeb
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 15:473-82. 2007
    ..Additionally, it could be demonstrated that motivation is a very crucial factor in BCI research; motivated subjects perform much better than unmotivated ones...
  48. ncbi Characterization of four-class motor imagery EEG data for the BCI-competition 2005
    Alois Schlogl
    Institute of Human Computer Interfaces, University of Technology Graz, Krenngasse 37, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    J Neural Eng 2:L14-22. 2005
    ..Our results of the multi-channel analysis indicate SVM as the most successful classifier, whereas kNN performed worst...
  49. ncbi Do brain oscillations of different frequencies indicate interaction between cortical areas in humans?
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010, Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 286:66-8. 2000
    ..The results indicate that, related to the same event, distinct cortical areas can display increased synchronized activity at different frequencies, providing evidence for interaction between the corresponding neuronal networks...
  50. ncbi Estimating the mutual information of an EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface
    A Schlogl
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Graz
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 47:3-8. 2002
    ..The entropy difference was used as a measure of the separability of two classes of EEG patterns...
  51. ncbi Mechanical stimulation of the fingertip can induce bursts of beta oscillations in sensorimotor areas
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Graz, Austria
    J Clin Neurophysiol 18:559-64. 2001
    ..These beta oscillations were found over both hemispheres with a clear dominance over the contralateral hand representation area...
  52. ncbi Event-related beta EEG-changes during passive and attempted foot movements in paraplegic patients
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Brain Res 1137:84-91. 2007
    ..Only one patient showed a similar ERD/ERS pattern. Furthermore, no significant ERD/ERS patterns during passive foot movement in the group of the paraplegics could be found...
  53. ncbi [Semiautomatic procedure for the investigation of synchronized activity of EEG and heart rate--examination of preterm births]
    Josef F Dax
    , BCI-Lab, , Inffeldgasse 16a, 8010 Graz, Osterreich
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 50:19-24. 2005
    ..Resultant, HR increase and duration are determined. These parameters, obtained by the automatic detection, proved to be comparable to the results of an expert...
  54. ncbi Overt foot movement detection in one single Laplacian EEG derivation
    Teodoro Solis-Escalante
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    J Neurosci Methods 175:148-53. 2008
    ..The SVM outputs are combined with a product rule to merge ERD and ERS detection. For this novel approach the average information transfer rate obtained was 11.19+/-3.61bits/min...
  55. ncbi Single-trial classification of antagonistic oxyhemoglobin responses during mental arithmetic
    Gunther Bauernfeind
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Med Biol Eng Comput 49:979-84. 2011
    ..3 to 79.7%. These results support the hypothesis that antagonistic hemodynamic response patterns are a suitable control strategy for optical BCI, and that only two prefrontal NIRS channels are needed for good performance...
  56. ncbi Event-related synchronization (ERS) in the alpha band--an electrophysiological correlate of cortical idling: a review
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    Int J Psychophysiol 24:39-46. 1996
    ..In both circumstances, the neurons in the hand area are not needed for visual processing or preparation for foot movement. As a result of this, an enhanced hand area mu rhythm can be observed...
  57. ncbi Asynchronous steady-state visual evoked potential based BCI control of a 2-DoF artificial upper limb
    Petar Horki
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 55:367-74. 2010
    ..The spinal cord injured patient achieved PPV and FNR values within one standard deviation of the mean for all healthy subjects...
  58. ncbi Fast set-up asynchronous brain-switch based on detection of foot motor imagery in 1-channel EEG
    Gernot R Müller-Putz
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010, Graz, Austria
    Med Biol Eng Comput 48:229-33. 2010
    ..Four out of six subjects showed that a post-movement beta rebound after feet MI and succeeded with a true positive rate between 69 and 89%, while the positive predictive value was between 75 and 93%...
  59. ncbi Post-movement beta synchronization after kinesthetic illusion, active and passive movements
    Claudia Keinrath
    Graz University of Technology, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Austria
    Int J Psychophysiol 62:321-7. 2006
    ..These results suggested a possible role of MI and the somatosensory cortex in the somatic perception of limb movement in humans...
  60. ncbi Detection of movement-related desynchronization patterns in ongoing single-channel electrocorticogram
    Bernhard Graimann
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 11:276-81. 2003
    ....
  61. ncbi "Virtual keyboard" controlled by spontaneous EEG activity
    B Obermaier
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, University of Technology Graz, 8020 Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 11:422-6. 2003
    ..We report on three able-bodied subjects, operating the VK. The ability in the use of the VK varies between 0.85 and 0.5 letters/min in error-free writing...
  62. ncbi Visually guided motor imagery activates sensorimotor areas in humans
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Technical University Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 269:153-6. 1999
    ..The results suggest that perception of the visual cue stimulus modifies oscillations in sensorimotor areas specific to the indicated hand starting as soon as 250-500 ms after stimulus onset...
  63. ncbi Evidence for distinct beta resonance frequencies in human EEG related to specific sensorimotor cortical areas
    C Neuper
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Graz University of Technology, Inffelfgasse 16a II, A 8010, Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 112:2084-97. 2001
    ..stimulation of upper and lower limbs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the frequency of the beta response is related to specific regions within the sensorimotor strip...
  64. ncbi The Hybrid BCI
    Gert Pfurtscheller
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology Graz, Austria
    Front Neurosci 4:42. 2010
    ..Hybrid BCIs can also use one brain signal and a different type of input. This additional input can be an electrophysiological signal such as the heart rate, or a signal from an external device such as an eye tracking system...
  65. ncbi Quantification and visualization of event-related changes in oscillatory brain activity in the time-frequency domain
    Bernhard Graimann
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces BCI Lab, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Prog Brain Res 159:79-97. 2006
    ..Furthermore, we report on preprocessing using independent component analysis (ICA) and introduce a novel ERD/ERS maximization method...
  66. ncbi Event-related dynamics of cortical rhythms: frequency-specific features and functional correlates
    C Neuper
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a 11, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Int J Psychophysiol 43:41-58. 2001
    ..However, further research is needed to investigate the functional meaning of bursts of beta oscillations below 35 Hz...
  67. ncbi Distinction of different fingers by the frequency of stimulus induced beta oscillations in the human EEG
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 307:49-52. 2001
    ..In one subject the little finger showed a significant higher frequency as compared to the thumb. The difference in frequency was in the order of 1 Hz...
  68. ncbi Seperability of four-class motor imagery data using independent components analysis
    M Naeem
    Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI-Lab, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria
    J Neural Eng 3:208-16. 2006
    ..For the cross-validated training data, CSP performed slightly better than Infomax, whereas for unseen test data, CSP yielded significantly better classification results than Infomax in one of the sessions...
  69. ncbi Current trends in Graz Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) research
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 8:216-9. 2000
    ..g. for cursor control. In a number of on-line experiments, various methods for EEG feature extraction and classification have been evaluated...
  70. ncbi Induced oscillations in the alpha band: functional meaning
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Technical University Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010 Graz, Switzerland
    Epilepsia 44:2-8. 2003
    ..The induced oscillations (ERS) are dominant in the 10- to 13-Hz band and very likely mediated by thalamic gating...
  71. ncbi Restless legs syndrome: changes of induced electroencephalographic beta oscillations-an ERD/ERS study
    Tina Schober
    Movement Disorders Group, Department of Neurology, Karl Franzens Universität, Graz, Austria
    Sleep 27:147-50. 2004
    ..Primary or idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sensorimotor disorder of unknown neurophysiologic origin...
  72. ncbi ERD/ERS patterns reflecting sensorimotor activation and deactivation
    Christa Neuper
    Institute Psychology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2 III, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Prog Brain Res 159:211-22. 2006
    ..These findings support that interfering sensorimotor activation and deactivation is reflected in graduated changes of induced mu and beta oscillations...
  73. ncbi Brain oscillations control hand orthosis in a tetraplegic
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 292:211-4. 2000
    ..The operation of this device is directly based on the bioelectrical signals of the brain. After some months of training, T. S. has learned to operate the hand orthosis by mental imagination of specific motor commands...
  74. ncbi The effects of external load on movement-related changes of the sensorimotor EEG rhythms
    A Stancak
    Department of Medical Informatics, University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 102:495-504. 1997
    ....
  75. ncbi Rapid prototyping of an EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI)
    C Guger
    Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medical Informatics, University of Technology Graz, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 9:49-58. 2001
    ..A classification accuracy between 70% and 95% could be achieved with two EEG channels after some sessions with feedback using an adaptive autoregressive (AAR) model and linear discriminant analysis (LDA)...
  76. ncbi Optimal spatial filtering of single trial EEG during imagined hand movement
    H Ramoser
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 8:441-6. 2000
    ..The method performs a weighting of the electrodes according to their importance for the classification task. The high recognition rates and computational simplicity make it a promising method for an EEG-based brain-computer interface...
  77. ncbi "Resonance-like" frequencies of sensorimotor areas evoked by repetitive tactile stimulation
    G R Müller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Austria
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 46:186-90. 2001
    ..For each subject the band with the largest band power increase was determined on electrodes overlying the contralateral hand area. The band power maxima and therewith the "resonance-like" frequencies were found around 27 Hz...
  78. ncbi P300 Chinese input system based on Bayesian LDA
    Jing Jin
    School of Information Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 55:5-18. 2010
    ..The offline results from 11 subjects show that this new P300 BCI can effectively communicate Chinese characters and that the features extracted from the electrodes obtained by PSO yield good performance...
  79. ncbi Graz brain-computer interface II: towards communication between humans and computers based on online classification of three different EEG patterns
    J Kalcher
    Department of Medical Informatics, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    Med Biol Eng Comput 34:382-8. 1996
    ..The online results show how selection of specific frequency bands influences the classification performance in single-trial data...
  80. ncbi Information transfer rate in a five-classes brain-computer interface
    B Obermaier
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Medical Informatics, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 9:283-8. 2001
    ..42 to 0.81 bits per trial and reveal that the upper limit of different mental tasks for a BCI system is three. In each subject, different combinations of three tasks resulted in the best performance...
  81. ncbi Brain-computer communication based on the dynamics of brain oscillations
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Graz, and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Suppl Clin Neurophysiol 57:583-91. 2004
    ..An EEG based brain switch that can control a FES-induced hand grasp of a tetraplegic and an approach towards an ECoG based brain switch are presented...
  82. ncbi Clinical application of an EEG-based brain-computer interface: a case study in a patient with severe motor impairment
    C Neuper
    Department of Medical Informatics, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, University of Technology Graz, Graz Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 114:399-409. 2003
    ....
  83. ncbi Visualization of significant ERD/ERS patterns in multichannel EEG and ECoG data
    B Graimann
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Technical University Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 113:43-7. 2002
    ..Such analysis can be difficult, especially when using multichannel data. Therefore, an effective method for the visualization of event-related changes in oscillatory brain activity is required...
  84. ncbi Post-movement EEG synchronization studied with different high resolution methods
    G Edlinger
    Department of Medical Informatics, University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Brain Topogr 10:103-13. 1997
    ..All methods, although having different theoretical basis, yield similar results and reveal a maximal event-related synchronization over the left sensorimotor area approximately 500-875 ms after termination of the movement...
  85. ncbi A fully automated correction method of EOG artifacts in EEG recordings
    A Schlogl
    Institute of Human Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, Krenngasse 37 IV, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 118:98-104. 2007
    ..A fully automated method for reducing EOG artifacts is presented and validated...
  86. ncbi Frequency component selection for an ECoG-based brain-computer interface
    R Scherer
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 48:31-6. 2003
    ..The results show that the ERD/ERS pattern found in ECoG generally matches the ERD/ERS pattern found in EEG recordings, but has an increased prevalence of frequency components in the beta range...
  87. ncbi Toward a hybrid brain-computer interface based on imagined movement and visual attention
    B Z Allison
    Institute for Knowledge Discovery, BCI Lab, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
    J Neural Eng 7:26007. 2010
    ..Subjects proficient with both approaches might combine them to increase information throughput by improving accuracy, reducing selection time, and/or increasing the number of possible commands...
  88. ncbi Post-movement beta oscillations studied with linear estimation
    M van Burik
    Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 106:195-8. 1998
    ..Both methods yield similar results and reveal a maximal event-related synchronisation over the left sensorimotor area approximately 500-750 ms after termination of movement...
  89. ncbi Exploring virtual environments with an EEG-based BCI through motor imagery
    R Leeb
    Laboratory of Brain Computer Interfaces, Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Biomed Tech (Berl) 50:86-91. 2005
    ..All subjects were able to achieve a rotation in the VR to the left or right by approximately 45 degrees during one trial...
  90. ncbi Lexical memory search during N400: cortical couplings in auditory comprehension
    Gernot G Supp
    Institute of Human Computer Interfaces, University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neuroreport 15:1209-13. 2004
    ..Lexico-semantic memory search appears to be subserved by a network between temporal, parietal and frontal areas, particularly restricted to the left hemisphere...
  91. ncbi Alpha power dependent light stimulation: dynamics of event-related (de)synchronization in human electroencephalogram
    Michael Woertz
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, 8010, Austria
    Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 20:256-60. 2004
    ..In addition, the latencies of event-related desynchronization and resynchronization maxima were larger in the eyes open paradigm compared to the eyes closed one...
  92. ncbi Event-related beta synchronization after wrist, finger and thumb movement
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 109:154-60. 1998
    ..Summarizing, pre-movement desynchronization seems relatively independent of the forthcoming type of movement, whereas the post-movement beta synchronization might depend on the activated muscle mass...
  93. ncbi Functional dissociation of lower and upper frequency mu rhythms in relation to voluntary limb movement
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010, Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 111:1873-9. 2000
    ..The goal of this study is to investigate the reactivity of central rhythms in the alpha band during self-paced voluntary finger and foot movement and to give an answer to the question, whether different types of mu rhythms exist...
  94. ncbi Critical decision-speed and information transfer in the "Graz Brain-Computer Interface"
    G Krausz
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16a/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
    Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 28:233-40. 2003
    ..Attainable ITRs were between 5 and 17 bit/min depending on the participant's performance and condition...
  95. ncbi Real-time EEG analysis with subject-specific spatial patterns for a brain-computer interface (BCI)
    C Guger
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Austria
    IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 8:447-56. 2000
    ....
  96. ncbi Contrasting behavior of beta event-related synchronization and somatosensory evoked potential after median nerve stimulation during finger manipulation in man
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a, A 8010 Graz, Austria
    Neurosci Lett 323:113-6. 2002
    ..The results suggest that both phenomena can be interpreted as responses of different neuronal structures in sensorimotor areas...
  97. ncbi Functional brain imaging based on ERD/ERS
    G Pfurtscheller
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Medical Informatics and Neuroinformatics, University of Technology Graz, Inffeldgasse 16a II, A 8010, Graz, Austria
    Vision Res 41:1257-60. 2001
    ..Spatial mapping of ERD/ERS can be used to study the dynamics of cortical activation patterns. Examples from a movement task are reported...
  98. ncbi Using time-dependent neural networks for EEG classification
    E Haselsteiner
    Department of Medical Informatics, Graz Technical University, Austria
    IEEE Trans Rehabil Eng 8:457-63. 2000
    ..The results of a BCI experiment with three different subjects are given and discussed. These results demonstrate the higher performance of the FIR MLP compared with the standard MLP...
  99. ncbi EEG-based communication: presence of an error potential
    G Schalk
    Department of Medical Informatics, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
    Clin Neurophysiol 111:2138-44. 2000
    ..While cursor movement is highly accurate in trained subjects, it is not perfect...