A H Lee

..We encourage researchers, when analyzing motor vehicle crash data, to consider the empirical frequency distribution first and to apply the ZIP and NB models in the presence of extra zeros due, for example, to under-reporting...

..The corresponding dose-response relationships were significant (p < 0.05). We conclude that increasing the consumption of green tea post-diagnosis may enhance epithelial ovarian cancer survival...

..Urinary incontinence (UI) is a distressing condition that affects the lifestyle of older people. To investigate the relationship between UI and physical activity among older adults, a community-based study was conducted in Japan...

..To investigate the association between alcohol consumption and urinary incontinence among Japanese women...

..To investigate the relationship between soy consumption, COPD risk and the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, a case-control study was conducted in Japan...

..The aim of this study was to investigate domestic environmental factors associated with snoring in children...

..We conducted a case-control study to ascertain the associations between intake of dietary potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and iron and the ischemic stroke risk in the southern Chinese population...

..Three quarters (76%) reported the materials to be motivating and increased their awareness of nutrition and physical activity, while 79% intended to continue with changes to their physical activity and diet after the program concluded...

..Urinary incontinence (UI) is a distressing problem for older people. To investigate the relationship between UI and respiratory symptoms among middle-aged and older men, a community-based study was conducted in Japan...

..In this paper we examine poverty or socioeconomic disadvantage as an explanation for the Indigenous health gap in hospital morbidity in Australia...

..This study aims to confirm if a low-cost, accessible physical activity and nutrition program can improve levels of physical activity and diet of insufficiently active 60-70 year-olds...

..We aimed to compare breastfeeding rates and duration between Han, Uygur and other ethnic groups living in Xinjiang, PR China...

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..There has been little knowledge about dietary supplementation by the Chinese elderly. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the usage of dietary supplements by older adults in southern China...

..Application to a set of maternity LOS data for women having obstetrical delivery with multiple complicating diagnoses is illustrated...

..35 (95% CI: 1.01-1.79), was only evident after accounting for within hospital correlations. These findings have implications on hospital resource planning and secondary preventive strategies to reduce the burden of stroke...

..This study demonstrates a robust gamma mixed regression approach to analyze the positively skewed LOS variable, which has implications for future studies of pediatric health care management...

..2%). Gastroenteritis remains a serious problem in Aboriginal children. This presents a complex challenge to be addressed with public-health principles, political determination and commitment, and adequate resources...

..Emerging evidence and potential biological mechanisms for the role of green tea in prostate cancer prevention are presented in this review...

..This review presents emerging evidence and the authors' perspectives on the role of green tea in ovarian cancer prevention...

..Two examples that motivated the application of zero-inflated regression models are considered to illustrate the importance of sensitivity analysis of the zero-inflation tests...

..To determine risk factors for ischaemic stroke recurrence among patients admitted to hospital for a first-ever occurrence of ischaemic stroke...

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..The multi-level ZIP model is then generalized to cope with a more complex correlation structure. Application to the analysis of correlated count data from a longitudinal infant feeding study illustrates the usefulness of the approach...

..The survival mixture methodology developed enable practitioners to identify pertinent risk factors affecting the recurrent times and to draw valid conclusions inferred from these correlated and heterogeneous survival data...

..To determine the factors influencing survival among patients admitted to Western Australian hospitals for the first time with stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA)...

..To identify factors associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) and to model variations in LOS within Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs)...

..The determination of pertinent factors would benefit hospital administrators and clinicians to manage LOS and expenditures efficiently...

..The analysis also benefits hospital administrators and managers to budget expenditures accordingly...

..We propose a novel two-part mixture regression model with random effects to characterize heterogeneity of the clustered PA data...

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..The recommendations should be useful for designing and planning prospective cohort studies to ascertain the protective effect of green tea against lung cancer...

..The findings have important implications on resource usage, rehabilitation planning and management of acute stroke care...

..Length of stay (LOS) is an important measure of hospital activity and health care utilization, but its empirical distribution is often positively skewed...

..An empirical application to an epidemiologic study of physical activity of community-dwelling older adults illustrates the proposed methodology...

..The aim of this 7-y retrospective study was to investigate the factors affecting the duration of hospitalizations due to recurrent gastroenteritis in WA...

..To investigate factors that affect the frequency of recurrent gastroenteritis among infants in Western Australia (WA)...

..Coronary disease (CHD)-related hospital admission is more common among indigenous than non-indigenous Australians. We aimed to identify predictors of hospital admission potentially useful in planning prevention programs...

..The analysis of linked data has enabled the assessment of prognostic factors influencing length of hospitalisations for recurrent gastroenteritis with high statistical power...

..The effects of shifting trim point thresholds on hospital payments are assessed in a case study of a group of obstetrical patients...

..Experimental studies have suggested that soybean products may protect against ischemic stroke, but only limited epidemiological evidence is available...

..Childhood diarrhoeal diseases occur commonly in other indigenous groups but have not received the attention that they deserve...

..Results from studies on recurrent urinary tract infections and maternity length of stay illustrate the usefulness of the influence diagnostics...

..The dose-response relationship was also significant (p = 0.015). The findings suggest that moderate physical activity may be protective against prostate cancer for Chinese men...

..This suggests that, in terms of QOL, the chronically ill adolescents do not view themselves as different from their healthy counterparts...

..Moreover, increased folate intake might be beneficial to lung function...

..To develop appropriate assessment criteria to measure the performance of older drivers using an interactive PC-based driving simulator, and to determine which measures were associated with the occurrence of motor-vehicle crash...

..To ascertain the relationship between habitual physical activity and the risk of ischemic stroke among the Chinese population...

..To investigate the relationship between vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a case-control study was conducted in central Japan in 2006...

..The corresponding dose-response relationships were also significant (P<0.05). Therefore, prolonged lactation could reduce the risk of ovarian cancer for Chinese women...

..To examine risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in relation to alcohol in a cohort of Australian Aborigines...

..We concluded that increasing frequency and duration of tea drinking, especially green tea, can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. However, the protective effects of black tea and Oolong tea need to be additionally investigated...

..Moreover, consumption of foods low in fat but high in fibre, carotene and vitamins appears to be protective against ovarian cancer in Chinese women...

..35 (95% CI = 0.22-0.58), 0.49 (95% CI = 0.29-0.81), 0.52 (95% CI = 0.31-0.87), 0.50 (95% CI = 0.30-0.84), and 0.59 (95% CI = 0.35-0.97), respectively...

..A Splus computer program is developed for the estimation of fixed effect and variance component parameters...

..However, CT scan and MRI were not widely used in China until the middle 1990s. We estimate the stroke incidence based on stroke hospitalizations in Shunde District, Foshan, south China...

..In addition, predicted random hospital effects enable the comparison of relative efficiencies among hospitals after adjustment for patient case-mix and health provision characteristics...

..Young children aged 0-4 years living in rural and remote locations and Indigenous children aged 5-9 years should be specifically targeted for attention...

..The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a milk product containing probiotics and prebiotics (CUPDAY Milk) on the incidence of diarrhoea in children attending daycare centres...

..In particular, the consumption of pickled vegetables, fermented soy products, salted fish and preserved meats was associated with a significant increase in prostate cancer risk, all with a significant dose-response relationship...

..To investigate the prevalence and type of dietary supplements taken by Japanese patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and factors affecting their use...

..The proportion of perfect agreement was higher than 80% for physical activity, smoking, and tea drinking behaviors. In conclusion, the spouse can serve as a proxy to provide reliable information when his or her partner is unavailable...

..Findings of this study provide objective information for the development of effective strategies on road safety investment...

..The results show that the test statistic performs satisfactorily under a wide range of conditions. The test procedure is further illustrated using a data set on recurrent urinary tract infections...

..These factors include the promotion of tea drinking, increasing consumption of soy foods, dairy products and fruits, as well as smoking cessation and reductions in salt intake and rice-based foods...

..In general, the method can be applied to assess the effectiveness of intervention trials on other populations at high risk of occupational injury...

..73 (S.D. 0.39) in both test and retest samples. The study confirmed that the FFQ method using standard containers is appropriate to assess dietary intake for women in southeast China...

..Health education on family planning and breastfeeding should also involve the husband/partner group taking into account local socio-cultural features...

..Of interest is whether patients who are 'Nil by Mouth' (NBM) and tube fed have higher risk of developing infections due to aspiration of bacteria-laden saliva or refluxed material than stroke patients who are fed orally...

..An S-Plus macro is developed to provide a unified ZIP modeling approach. The determination of pertinent factors would benefit hospital administrators and clinicians to manage LOS and expenditures efficiently...

..To assess the effects of demographic factors on mental illness admission for victims of interpersonal violence...

..The study provided evidence of possible protective effect of traditional Japanese diet against tobacco carcinogens...

..The results supported the validity of the driving simulator and it is a safer and more economical method than the on-road testing to assess the driving performance of older adult drivers...

..To combat the melamine disaster, strategies to improve the duration of breastfeeding must be developed taking these factors into account...

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..Any future measurement of exclusive breastfeeding in Australia should use the World Health Organisation definition and the 24 h recall study design should not be used for this purpose...

..5 kg of tea leaves yearly, and 0.27 (95% CI = 0.15-0.48) for those drinking more than 3 cups (1 litre) daily. The dose response relationships were also significant, suggesting that green tea is protective against prostate cancer...

..There may potentially be different risk factors for each sex and further investigation will have public health benefits...

..To determine whether a tailored, 6-month, neighborhood-based, physical activity intervention for people aged 65 to 74 years could increase their total physical activity levels and to identify factors associated with physical activity times...

..To quantify the impact on the Western Australian health care system of hospitalisations due to interpersonal violence, and to identify risk factors for a repeat hospital admission for interpersonal violence...

..This study tested an innovative intervention for mobilizing older adults into a neighborhood-based walking program...

..Application to analyse a set of longitudinal data from an adolescent smoking cessation intervention that motivated this study is illustrated...

..02 (95% CI: 0.01-0.10) for lutein and zeaxanthin. The corresponding dose-response relationships were also significant, suggesting that vegetables and fruits rich in lycopene and other carotenoids may be protective against prostate cancer...

..77 (95% CI: 1.0-3.1) for high level versus low level of sitting at work, sitting while watching television and total sitting duration. CONCLUSION: Sedentary behaviours were associated with an increase in epithelial ovarian cancer risk...

..Together they have a stronger preventive effect than either component taken separately. This is the first epidemiological study to investigate the joint effect between tea drinking and lycopene intake...

..Crash preventive measures targeting rural areas should be considered to further improve the safety of bicyclists and motorcyclists...

..It is therefore argued that advice should be given on the best available data, as waiting for complete data to become available could have severe consequences for public health...

..To investigate the internal validity of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) developed for a case-control study of prostate cancer in southeast China...

..To estimate the incidence of interpersonal violence presentations to general practitioners (GPs)...

..Further studies should also be undertaken to explore the views of the chronically ill adolescents themselves...

..Many injuries occurred off-road without police attendance. Hence, reliance on official police records would underestimate the magnitude and scope of these injuries. Suggestions to provide a safer road environment are given...

..6 (2.2-9.3) for animal fat and 3.4 (2.0-5.8) for preserved (salted) vegetables with significant dose-response relationship. The risk of ovarian cancer also appeared to increase for those women preferring fat, fried, cured and smoked food...

..IMPLICATIONS: A 24-item short version of the RSQ can be constructed based on the six-factor resident satisfaction measurement model and used as a regular monitoring tool of resident satisfaction for quality improvement purposes...

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..The test procedure is applied to pancreas disorder length of stay that comprised mainly same-day separations and simultaneous prolonged hospitalizations...

..This retrospective study investigated the health conditions of a cohort of heavy vehicle drivers involved in a crash in Western Australia...

..26) and negatively by lower alcohol intake (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.40, 0.92) and exercise (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.46, 0.95). Central obesity and adverse lifestyle increase risk for diabetes or related hospitalisation among Aboriginal Australians...

..Findings of this epidemiological study indicated the need of multifaceted clinical disease prevention and hygiene promotion strategies to control the disease...

..The HR was 3.31 (95% CI, 1.26-8.73) among patients who had been overweight or obese at age 21 years, but a linear dose-response was not found. We conclude that premorbid BMI may have independent prognostic significance in ovarian cancer...

..246-2.008]; P=.510). CONCLUSIONS: A hierarchy of infection risk associated with vascular access type is evident. Native arteriovenous fistulae should be recommended for all patients receiving chronic hemodialysis, to minimize infection...