Christopher John Gore

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..The aim of this study was to re-analyse our existing database to develop models with heightened sensitivity, using wherever possible blood parameters measurable with appropriate standards of analytical performance...

..Based on persistent reports of low oxygen consumption VO(2) from Medical Graphics CPX/D metabolic carts, we compared the CPX/D against an automated Douglas bag system...

..V(RBC,51Cr) and M(Hb,CO) are the best measures for research on blood-related changes in oxygen transport. With care, V(RBC,Evans) is suitable for clinical applications of blood-volume measurement...

..Future research should examine both hematological and nonhematological mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia that might enhance the performance of elite athletes at sea level...

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..This is the first study to show that hypoxic exposure, per se, increases muscle buffer capacity. Further, reduced VO2 during normoxic exercise after LHTL suggests that improved exercise efficiency is a fundamental adaptation to LHTL...

..It is concluded that the greater EIH with treadmill running is a consequence of the combined effect of a reduced lactic acidosis-induced hyperventilation and greater ventilation-perfusion inequality with this exercise mode...

..We conclude that 20 days of LHTL at simulated altitude improved the RE of elite distance runners...

..Only one cyclist clearly increased her REM sleep with O2 enrichment compared to mild altitude. Our data highlight two different sleep quality responses to atmospheric variation...

..03) and N15 (p=0.01). Overall, sleeping at 2650 m causes sleep disturbance in susceptible athletes, yet there was some improvement in REM sleep over the study duration...

..In conclusion, during the 5-minTT there was a dose-response effect of hypoxia on both VO2peak and 5-minTT(power) but no effect on GE...

..Although total O(2) carrying capacity was improved, the mechanism(s) to explain the lack of proportionate increase in V(O)(2max) were not identified...

..Preparing for 1-2 weeks at moderate/high altitude is a reasonable compromise between the benefits associated with overcoming AMS and partial restoration of VO2max vs the likelihood of detraining...

..5%; range, + 1.2 to - 12.3%), with approximately 70% of this decrease being due to a fall in O2 content. This is the lowest altitude reported to decrease VO2max, suggesting that T athletes are more susceptible to a fall in inspired PO2...

..In these athletes, there was no difference in the impact of 5, 10 or 15 days of LHTL on the increases observed in MMPO(4min), .VO(2max) or MAOD; and LHTL increased MMPO(4min) and MAOD more than training at low altitude alone...

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..This VO2max calibrator is a versatile device that can be used for routine calibration of most indirect calorimetry systems that assess the ventilation and aerobic power of athletes...

..It is concluded that trained athletes with erythrocythemic hypervolemia have limited capability to increase further either total red cell volume or Hb mass...

..On a population basis, interpolated measures of pwc may provide the same information and avoid the errors associated with extrapolated measures...

..9% reported previously with VEN samples. We conclude that using CAP samples gives a reliable measure of %HbCO, and will make the estimation of Hb mass with the CO-technique accessible to technicians without phlebotomy training...

..We conclude that in elite female road cyclists, 12 nights of exposure to normobaric hypoxia (2650 m) is not sufficient to either stimulate reticulocyte production or increase haemoglobin mass...

..04, P = 0.89) between the increase in sEPO and the increase in Hb(mass). Athletes seeking to gain erythropoietic benefits from moderate altitude need to spend >12 h/day in hypoxia...

..We conclude that red blood cell production is not stimulated in male endurance athletes who spend 23 nights at a simulated altitude of 3000 m...

..We conclude that when daily training loads are controlled, the modest increases in sEpo known to occur following brief exposure to a simulated altitude of 2650 m are insufficient to stimulate reticulocyte production...

..Existing tests cannot readily differentiate between exogenous and endogenous EPO. Therefore the aim of our study was to investigate possible indirect detection of r-HuEPO use via blood markers of altered erythropoiesis...

..A final aim was to verify that the hematologic response to r-HuEPO did not differ between Caucasian and Asiatic subjects...

..13 for group x time interaction). We conclude that sleeping in moderate hypoxia (2650-3000 m) for up to 23 days may offer practical benefit to elite athletes, but that any effect is not likely due to increased Hb(mass) or VO2max...

..If this benefit does exist, it probably varies between individuals and averages little more than 1%...

..The role of exercise in the maintenance of body mass is therefore predominantly mediated via the cumulative effect of the energy expenditure during the actual exercise...

..6%; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Acute weight loss of up to 4% over 24 hours, when combined with aggressive nutritional recovery strategies, can be undertaken with minimal impact on on-water rowing performance, at least in cool conditions...